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Social Purpose Currencies

The bulk of the social purpose currencies are highly focused on specific problems or social classes, ranging from elderly care to unemployment or educational currencies. Here are some examples.

Elderly Care: The very first post WW2 complementary currencies systems were conceived in 1950 by and for women in Japan1 for the care of elderly, children and handicapped persons. They also created the first “Volunteer Labor Bank” in 1978, a prototype that was later reinvented in the West as Time Banks in the US and the UK in particular. In Japan, the Fureai Kippu system is today the direct descendant of those earlier pioneering systems. 

Retirees: Some of the first Time Dollar applications in the US were implemented by Edgar Cahn in retirement homes and encouraged self-help activities among retirees. It also resulted in creating a stronger community feeling.

Unemployed: The first LETS systems originated in Canada in 1982 aimed pecifically at addressing the problem of currency scarcity in areas with high unemployment. Still today, a majority of LETS tend to be more widespread in high unemployment areas.

Educational: The MUSE system (Mutual Unit for Sustainable Education) is a complementary currency designed for stimulating learning and teaching by youngsters among each other.2 The Sonoma County, California, Community Service Dollar (C$D) is being developed under the guidance of the nonprofit Skaggs Island Foundation. Both state university and city officials are exploring the possible value of the system for partial payment for educational and other public services and, in the latter case, for taxes and fees. 

Child Care (Babysitting): There is a long tradition of more or less formal but small scale local babysitting groups constituted by families who in turn take care of each other’s children. A large national-scale Internet-based system is being designed now in Holland, under the name of “Care Miles” to help the 2.3 million families who have trouble finding access to the care centers, particularly for the 0-4 year olds.3 

1 The first post-war complementary currency pioneer in chronological order was Teruko Mizushima, who was born in 1920 in Osaka. She wrote in 1950 a visionary article about a “Labor Bank”, a paper that was honored at that time with the Newspaper Companies’ Prize.
2 See Lietaer, Bernard Die Welt des Geldes: das Aufklärungsbuch (Würzburg:  Arenaerlag, 2002).
3 The organization involved is called Regeltante: see www.regeltante.nl

[[CCガイド 09ページ]]

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[[CCガイド 07ページ]]

Social Purpose Currencies
社会的目的を持った通貨

The bulk of the social purpose currencies are highly focused on specific problems or social classes, ranging from elderly care to unemployment or educational currencies. Here are some examples.
数々の社会的目的を持った通貨は、高齢者介護から失業、また教育目的の通貨に至るまでさまざまな問題や社会階層に商店を当てているものです。以下いくつか事例をご紹介します。

Elderly Care: The very first post WW2 complementary currencies systems were conceived in 1950 by and for women in Japan1 for the care of elderly, children and handicapped persons. They also created the first “Volunteer Labor Bank” in 1978, a prototype that was later reinvented in the West as Time Banks in the US and the UK in particular. In Japan, the Fureai Kippu system is today the direct descendant of those earlier pioneering systems. 
高齢者介護: 第2次大戦後に世界で初めて生まれた補完通貨システムは日本で1950年に女性が生み出した、高齢者や子ども、また障害者向けのものです。また、1978年に「ボランティア労力銀行」が生まれましたが、これが原型となってその後米国や英国でタイムバンクが生まれました。今日日本で行われているふれあい切符システムは、この先駆的なシステムの後継者です。

Retirees: Some of the first Time Dollar applications in the US were implemented by Edgar Cahn in retirement homes and encouraged self-help activities among retirees. It also resulted in creating a stronger community feeling.
退職者: 米国のタイムダラーのうち初期のいくつかは、エドガー・カーンによって老人ホームで導入され、退職者同士の相互扶助活動を推進しました。これにより地域社会意識を強くすることもできました。

Unemployed: The first LETS systems originated in Canada in 1982 aimed pecifically at addressing the problem of currency scarcity in areas with high unemployment. Still today, a majority of LETS tend to be more widespread in high unemployment areas.
失業者: カナダで1982年に生まれた最初のLETSシステムは、とりわけ高失業率の地域での通貨不足の問題に対処することを目的としていました。現在でもLESTの大部分は、失業率の高い地域でより広く普及する傾向にあります。

Educational: The MUSE system (Mutual Unit for Sustainable Education) is a complementary currency designed for stimulating learning and teaching by youngsters among each other.2 The Sonoma County, California, Community Service Dollar (C$D) is being developed under the guidance of the nonprofit Skaggs Island Foundation. Both state university and city officials are exploring the possible value of the system for partial payment for educational and other public services and, in the latter case, for taxes and fees. 
教育: MUSEシステム(持続可能な教育に向けた相互単位）は、若者同士が教えあうことを推進するためにデザインされた補完通貨です。カリフォルニア州ソノマ郡では、スカッグス島財団というNPOの指導の下で、コミュニティサービスダラー（C$D）が開発されています。州立大学や市役所の職員が、教育やそれ以外の公共サービス（税金や手数料）の一部の支払いを地域通貨で行えるようにする可能性を模索しています。

Child Care (Babysitting): There is a long tradition of more or less formal but small scale local babysitting groups constituted by families who in turn take care of each other’s children. A large national-scale Internet-based system is being designed now in Holland, under the name of “Care Miles” to help the 2.3 million families who have trouble finding access to the care centers, particularly for the 0-4 year olds.3 
子守: 複数の家族で、お互いに交替で子どもの世話をする、多少なりとも公式の小規模の地域子守りグループによる長い伝統があります。全国単位でインターネットベースの大規模なシステムが現在オランダで"Care Miles"という名前でデザインされており、特に4歳以下の子ども向けの託児所が見つからなくて困っている230万世帯を支援しようとしています。

1 The first post-war complementary currency pioneer in chronological order was Teruko Mizushima, who was born in 1920 in Osaka. She wrote in 1950 a visionary article about a “Labor Bank”, a paper that was honored at that time with the Newspaper Companies’ Prize.
1. 歴史的に見て戦後最初の補完通貨のパイオニアは、1920年に大阪で生まれた水島照子です。彼女は1950年に「労働銀行」に関する先見的な文章を執筆し、これにより新聞社から賞を受賞しました。
2 See Lietaer, Bernard Die Welt des Geldes: das Aufklärungsbuch (Würzburg:  Arenaerlag, 2002).
2. Bernard Die Welt des Geldes: das Aufklärungsbuch (Würzburg:  Arenaerlag, 2002)をご覧ください。
3 The organization involved is called Regeltante: see www.regeltante.nl
3. このプロジェクトを担当している団体は、Regeltante（レーヘルタンテ）と呼ばれています。www.regeltante.nlをご覧ください。

[[CCガイド 09ページ]]